RESERCH PAPER ON SOLAR WATER DESALINATOR AND PURIFIER MACHINE

Solar Water Desalinator and Purifier Machine

Vadgama
Abhishek¹, Busa Utsav², Chauhan Maulik^3,

¹²³VIth Semester B.E. Mechanical Students

1.Abstract

Only 3% of the
water available on earth is fresh water. Two thirds of this fresh water is
present in frozen glaciers. So here we
develop a portable solar powered se water desalination as well as water
purifier to solve the water problem with a smart innovative concept. The solar
portable desalinator serves the following key aspects

•
Fast
Water Desalination

•
Instant
Purification of desalinated water using RO system

•
Added
UV sterilization for virus bacteria sterilization

•
Compact
Design

•
Portable
Design Easy to Move

•
Solar
Powered – No External Power Needed

•
Easy
Maintenance System

2.Keywords

•
Solar
Panels

•
Water
Tank

•
Stage
1 Purifier Vessel

•
Water
Pumps

•
Electrical
Circuitry

•
UV
Tube

•
Membrane
Filters

•
Steel
Tap

•
Steel
Handle

•
Piping

•
Pipe
Fittings

•
Nozzle

•
Pipe
Connector

•
Battery

•
Hinges

•
Supporting
Rod Pipes

•
Protective
Mesh

•
Monitoring
Glass

•
Mounts
and Joints

•
Base
Frame

•
Supporting
Frame

•
Screws
and Fittings

3.INTRODUCTION

Only 3% of the
water available on earth is fresh water. Two thirds of this fresh water is
present in frozen glaciers. On an average over 1.1 billion people over the
globe lack proper access to any fresh
water reserves and over 2.7 billion people face scarcity of water at least once
a month. But fortunately as we know 71% of earth’s surface is water and 97% of
that water is sea water.

So
here we develop a portable solar powered se water desalination as well as water
purifier to solve the water problem with a smart innovative concept. The solar
portable desalinator serves the following key aspects.

•
Ability
to Purify Seawater

•
Solar
Powered | No External Power Needed

•
3
Stage Purification

4. PROCESS OF FILTRATION

In this process is
divided into mainly three parts first parts is to remove the big size molecules
like stone, slat etc with help of mesh and this process is go ahed and then we
have remove the dissolve particle of slat because before process number 2 it is
not a water id drinkable so with help of reverse osmosis to filtration with the
help of membrane filters then water will store in tank in the tank is in fix a
uv light before going out on tap it filter with uv light.

The
machine makes use of a 3 stage process to convert salty seawater to pure
drinkable water. The system first allows user to pour salty water via a mesh
based inlet where large waste like plastic granules or stones, weed etc gets
separated. This water is then pumped into a large purification chamber having 3
layers of purifiers including sand and gravel for filtering weed, sand and
large salt particles.

The
output of this process is still salty water but without any particles. This
water is then passed on to the second filtration where we use reverse osmosis
to filter out salt from the water. Here we use 3 filtration membranes to filter
out fresh water from salty water and trap the salt particles in membrane
filters.

This
water is now stored in a tank just above the system. The system tap when opened
allows water to run from the tank to the tap where we detect the flow when on
and turn on the UV light for stage 3 filtration to deactivate any remaining bacteria
and virus in the water. This water is now in drinkable form using 3 stage
process without the use of any chlorine.

Now the
pumps used in the system are powered by a large battery. This battery is in
turn charged by 2 x 50Watt solar panels due to large availability of solar
power in sea areas. This makes it very portable to be used on any beach front
or on long sea voyages for easy and instant sea water filtration.

COMPONENT SPECIFICATIONS

·
MESH

·
REVERSE FILTER

·
MEMBREN

·
POST CARBON FILTER

·
MOTOR PUMP

·
SOLAR PANELS

Reverse osmosis (RO)

is a water purification process
that uses a partially permeable membrane to separate ions, unwanted molecules
and larger particles from drinking water.

1^ST STAGE

A Sediment filter usually acts as the first stage of water
purification. It is one of the preventive filtration methods and does
not remove chemicals, heavy metals, bacteria, viruses, or dissolved solids in
water. These impurities are removed by further stages of RO and UV
purification.

2^ND STAGE

Post Carbon filter Using post carbon filter gets rid of
unpleasant smell from water and enhance water flavour. Pre carbon
filter By absorbing / elimination any
remaining chlorine and other chemicals for the water. This metal water pump for
water purifier is designed for use with reverse osmosis water purification.

3^RD STAGE

RO membranes are normally deployed as cross-flow filters, where the
high velocity of the wastewater along the filter keeps the flow turbulent which
helps control the thickness of the solids on the filter and reduces plugging of
the filter.

UV light

UV radiation is widely used in industrial processes and
in medical and dental practices for a variety of purposes, such as killing
bacteria, creating fluorescent effects, curing inks and resins, phototherapy
and suntanning. Different UV wavelengths and intensities
are used for different purposes.

CONCLUSION

This
research paper is give information about how to solar water desalinator and
purifier machine work ,there is filtration mainly 3 step first is remove bulky
partical form water , then remove dissolved salt from water and then purifier
by UV rays light which is disinfect small size viruses and bacteria. Today
drinkable water is available is very small amount of resources, so we have to
save water and reduce unnecessary uses of water because without water no one
animal can survive one day on earth .

So “save water, water will save
you”.

Front view