"Mastering Thermodynamics: Part 1 - Fundamentals, Laws, and Processes"
Table of Contents
Hello friend we are going to start the new subject of rac this the
Topic to be covered
- Definition of Thermodynamic
- Basic terms in Thermodynamic
- Laws of Thermodynamics
- Thermodynamic Processes
DEFINITIONS OF THERMODYNAMICS
The science that encompasses the study of energy, its transformation and relationship amongst the various physical quantities of substance which are affected by cause these transformations.
BASIC TERMS IN THERMODYNAMICS
System :-
Prescribed region of space or finite quantity of matter surrounded by an envelope called the boundary.
Closed System, open system and isolated system
Closed system:-
Open system:-
Isolated system:-
Surrounding :-
The space and matter external to the thermodynamic system and outside boundary is called the surrounding.
Universe :-
When system and the surrounding are put together it is called universe.
Work :-
Heat :-
Heat is defined as the form of energy that is transferred across the boundary of a system at a given temperature to another system (or the surrounding) at a lower temperature by virtue of temperature difference between the two systems. in this heat is deal with the W and KW it is not deal with J and KJ.
Property :-
Measurable characteristics describing the system that depends on the state of the system and is independent of the path (that is, the prior history) by which the system arrived at the given state.
• Intensive Property
• Extensive Property
intensive property :-
Which are independent of mass of system. for example temperature is constant in room. intensive property is temperature, pressure, specific entropy.
extensive property :-
State :-
Unique condition of the system, at an instant of time, described by its properties.
Process :-
Path of succession of state points through which the system passes during transition from one state to another state is called a process.
Cycle :-
When a system in a given initial state goes through a number of different changes of states or processes and finally returns to the initial state, the system has undergone a cycle.
LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS.
Zeroth law
First law
Second law
Zeroth law
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First law
Second law of Thermodynamics or
Qualitative low / Direction Law or
law of degradation of energy
Kelvin planks :-
Clausius statement :-
Thermodynamics process for closed system
- Isothermal process
- Isobaric process
- Isochoric process
- Polytropic process
- Adiabatic process
- Isentropic process
- Isothermal process:- an isothermal process is a type of thermodynamic process in which the temperature T of a system remains constant: ΔT = 0.
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- Isobaric process :- during which the system’s pressure does not change.
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- Isochoric process :- during which the system’s volume does not change.
Isochoric process - Polytropic process :- where p is the pressure, V is volume, n is the polytropic index, and C is a constant.
- Adiabatic process :- is a type of thermodynamic process that occurs without transferring heat or mass.
- Isentropic process :- an idealized thermodynamic process that is both adiabatic and reversible.
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