Hello friend i am back with anther new post in this post i am give the knowledge about the types of cutting tools what are types and what is the rate of MRR (material removal rate) what is speed at rpm so the tool life is increasing so with out wasting time i am start the post please read full article.
Introduction
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Success in metal cutting depends on selection of the proper cutting tool (material and geometry) for a given work material.
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A wide range of cutting tool materials is available with a variety of properties, performance capabilities, and cost.
- High carbon Steels and low/medium alloy steels,
- High-speed steels,
- Cast cobalt alloys,
- Cemented carbides,
- Cast carbides,
- Coated carbides,
- Coated high speed steels,
- Ceramics,
- Cermets,
- Whisker reinforced ceramics,
- Sialons,
- Sintered polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (CBN),
- Sintered polycrystalline diamond, and single-crystal natural diamond.
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Limited tool life. Therefore, not suited to mass production.
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Can be formed into complex shapes for small production runs
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Low cost
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Suited to hand tools, and wood working
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Carbon content about 0.9 to 1.35% with a hardness ABOUT 62 C Rockwell
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Maximum cutting speeds about 8 m/min. dry and used upto 250oC
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The hot hardness value is low. This is the major factor in tool life.
High speed steel
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These steels are used for cutting metals at a much higher cutting speed than ordinary carbon tool steels.
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The high speed steels have the valuable property of retaining their hardness even when heated to red heat.
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Most of the high speed steels contain tungsten as the chief alloying element, but other elements like cobalt, chromium, vanadium, etc. may be present in some proportion.
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With time the effectiveness and efficiency of HSS (tools) and their application range were gradually enhanced by improving its properties and surface condition through –
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Refinement of microstructure
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Addition of large amount of cobalt and Vanadium to increase hot hardness and wear resistance respectively
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Manufacture by powder metallurgical process
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Surface coating with heat and wear resistive materials like TiC , TiN , etc by Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) or Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD)
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This steel contains 18 per cent tungsten, 4 per cent chromium and 1 per cent vanadium.
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It is considered to be one of the best of all purpose tool steels.
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It is widely used for drills, lathe, planer and shaper tools, milling cutters, reamers, broaches, threading dies, punches, etc.
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This steel contains 6 per cent tungsten, 6 per cent molybdenum, 4 per cent chromium and 2 per cent vanadium.
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It has excellent toughness and cutting ability.
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The molybdenum high speed steels are better and cheaper than other types of steels.
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It is particularly used for drilling and tapping operations.
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This steel is also called cobalt high speed steel because cobalt is added from 2 to 15 per cent, in order to increase the cutting efficiency especially at high temperatures.
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This steel contains 20 per cent tungsten, 4 per cent chromium, 2 per cent vanadium and 12 per cent cobalt.
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