ROBOT
What is an industrial robot?
A robot is a reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to handle material, parts, tools or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks.
Advantages of Robots
- Robotics and automation can, in many situation, increase
productivity, safety, efficiency, quality, and consistency of
products
- Robots can work in hazardous environments
- Robots need no environmental comfort
- Robots work continuously without any humanity needs and
illnesses
- Robots have repeatable precision at all times
- Robots can be much more accurate than humans, they may have
mili or micro inch accuracy.
- Robots and their sensors can have capabilities beyond that of
humans
- Robots can process multiple stimuli or tasks simultaneously,
humans can only one.
- Robots replace human workers who can create economic
problems
Disadvantages of Robots
- Robots lack capability to respond in emergencies, this can cause:
– Inappropriate and wrong responses
– A lack of decision-making power
– A loss of power
– Damage to the robot and other devices
– Human injuries
- Robots may have limited capabilities in
– Degrees of Freedom
– Dexterity
– Sensors
– Vision systems
– Real-time Response
- Robots are costly, due to
– Initial cost of equipment
– Installation Costs
– Need for peripherals
– Need for training
– Need for Programming
What Can Robots Do?
Industrial Robots
•Material handling
•Material transfer
•Machine loading and/or unloading
•Spot welding
•Continuous arc welding
•Spray coating
•Assembly
•Inspection
- A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
- A robot must obey orders given it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
- A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
- End effector is attached to wrist assembly
- Function of wrist assembly is to orient end effector
- Body-and-arm determines global position of end effector
- Roll
- Pitch
Yaw
End Effectors
- The special tooling for a robot that enables it to
- perform a specific task
- Two types:
- Grippers – to grasp and manipulate objects (e.g.,
- parts) during work cycle
- Tools – to perform a process, e.g., spot welding, spray painting
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